Dear Sir/Madam,
Correct me if I am wrong, it seems that your project is related to the infrastructure engineering.
Sadly I cannot send you some of my GIS work from this site.
One of my projects (West Africa) was related to the construction of a Pipe Line, crossing the jungle.
Basically, we chose, (me as GIS expert and some engineeres) a path on a map generated from satellite data (SRTM1).
Then at the demand of the engineers I generated on that path the so called KP (kilometer points) at regular distances of 1 km (sharp precision, by Autocad).
Al this points are labeled, using a generic schema KP_1....to KP_255.
In fact, it was more complicated. In order to check the path on the field (10 teams of locals, cutting with machete and flagging) I have generated guiding points at a 25 m space (again, by AutoCad), labeled with another schema, export them in a gpx format and load in Garmin units.
If I am understand correctly, you have already the path , the points and the labels (names in the excel sheet).
If I understand well, you are asking point to point segments correlated with the excel file (I can draw also perpendicular lines, markers, from each point also; the segments are made by the software).
Hopping that my skills and experience will be useful for your project I remain at your disposal for any other details.
PS. I am seeing in your example that you are using a Lat/Long system (degrees). Perhaps you will want to migrate to an UTM (metric) coordinates system.