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I need to make an infographic of this journal

$30-250 USD

Completed
Posted over 5 years ago

$30-250 USD

Paid on delivery
I need to make an Info graphic based on this journal. This is to explain about the finding to general public. It would be done on one sided A3 paper. This is the finding summary: Green bonds Green bonds are seen as a key instrument to unlock climate finance. While their volume has grown steadily in recent years, the impact of the ‘green’ label on the bond market is poorly understood. Recent study by Andreas Karpf and Antoine Mandel investigate the differences between the yield term structures of green and conventional bonds in the US municipal bond market. They used 1,880 green bonds issued by 189 distinct issuers on the municipal market which represent an outstanding value of US$12 billion. The yield differential between green and conventional bonds is the central focus of their analysis. There is on average a positive and statistically significant spread between conventional and green bonds. This spread can be explained by differences in the fundamental characteristics these two kinds of bonds. Issuers of green bonds are in general more creditworthy, and have more robust economic fundamentals. This could be interpreted as an instance of an environmental Kuznets curve. A decomposition of the difference between the yields using the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition, however, shows that issuers of green bonds have historically faced a negative premium on the US municipal bond market. All other things being equal, the market has required a higher yield from green bonds than from conventional ones. However, the situation has shifted in recent years, where, following the rise of the credit quality of green bonds on the municipal market, the premium has eventually turned positive. Although these last results suggest that green bonds have become very attractive to investors in recent years, the seemingly important effect of reputation externalities suggests caution about the existence of a large specific demand for green bonds or the willingness of investors to ‘pay for green’. These findings have important implications for the expansion of the green bond market and more broadly for climate finance. Indeed, if the premium on green bonds is related to the average credit quality of issuers, an expansion of the market towards lower tier creditors might revert the positive trend on the premium and impact the financing conditions of all the issuers. The issue is of particular concern because an important part of the financing needs for mitigation, and even more so for adaptation, concerns developing countries and small-scale projects, which appear riskier to the market. A conventional solution to the issue is the pooling of risks (for example, through structured bonds). On the green bond market, this role has been played to a large extent by large multilateral development banks such as the World Bank. However, there is a limit to the expansion of the balance sheet of multilateral development banks. So, going forward there is a need to attract private institution to be more active in green bond market.
Project ID: 17867854

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Active 5 yrs ago

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Hi, I have read Your project description regarding infographic Designs. I am very interested in your project and also I am ready to start immediately. I will give you high quality and satisfy work. Thanks & Regards Vishal
$40 USD in 0 day
5.0 (1 review)
1.9
1.9
4 freelancers are bidding on average $96 USD for this job
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"Hello, I have gone through the attached document and from it I have come up with the minutiae neede. This are the things that I have summarised in the document I just forwarded to you for you to decide whether they are exactly what you need. I am a good writer who is proficient in the American Psychological Association writing style. I can assure you that I will always provide a well written article that is professional and relevant to the subject provided. This is not a thing many writers can do, but I believe am one in a million hence I can do it. If we work together and we agreed on the offer, I would make sure I forwarded the essential to you in time. This would ensure that you are able to go through the article and ask for corrections where you deem necessary. This is one of the most important things I do for my clients. Regards "
$250 USD in 5 days
5.0 (8 reviews)
3.8
3.8
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Hello Dear Just capture your requirement for infographic designer I hopefully want to tell you that i am here a creative graphic designer from last one year I have completed extensive and creative designers related to any graphics i am self addicted to complete all my delivers in time bond i will also provides all editable and printable file formats for any corrections hope i will complete all your delivers with good comments and also will capture your further deals Thanks and Regards Anu
$64 USD in 0 day
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Flag of INDONESIA
Jakarta, Indonesia
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Member since Sep 30, 2018

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