Google app engine survey application jobs

I'm looking for a skilled professional who can provide a comprehensive SEO and marketing service for my Shopify website. 20 keyword/keyphrase plan required? Key SEO Services Required: - Keyword Research and Optimization: Identify relevant, high-traffic keywords and implement them throughout the website to boost search engine rankings. - On-page Optimization: Optimize meta tags, headings, and content to improve website visibility and attract more organic traffic. - Backlink Building: Develop a strategy to acquire quality backlinks from reputable sources, increasing the website's authority and traffic. Main Marketing Goals: - Increase Website Traffic: Drive more relevant, organic traffic to the site through effective SEO strategies and marketing campaigns. - Improve Conve...

I'd like an experienced developer to build a web application using C#. This application should have a functional interface interaction and efficient database management capabilities. I also need the implementation of an API for authentication and authorization purposes, ensuring secure access. Key expertise necessary: - Proficient in C#, ASP.NET - Strong skills in database management - Experience in UI design and interaction - Expansive knowledge in API integration, specifically for authorization and authentication.

I'm looking for a skilled developer who can help me create a cutting-edge, highly functional cryptocurrency exchange. Key Features: - The core focus of the exchange will be a robust trading engine. - The platform should also support user registration and management. Security: - While I'm open to suggestions on the security front, I'm keen on incorporating best practices to ensure the safety of the trading platform and user data. Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in cryptocurrency exchange development. - Understanding of trading engines and how to optimize their performance. - Previous experience in creating secure digital platforms is a plus. Please provide examples of similar projects you've worked on and share your approach to security in your bid.

...increasing website traffic, improving search engine rankings, and ultimately boosting online sales. Key Requirements: - Comprehensive SEO Strategy Creation: I need you to develop and execute a solid SEO plan to help meet my goals. - Website Optimization: My website has not been optimized for search engines in the past, so a thorough review and subsequent optimization is needed. - Google Focus: I would like the majority of our SEO efforts to be concentrated on Google. Skills and Experience: - Proven Track Record: Please provide evidence of past projects where you have successfully increased website traffic and online sales. - Deep Understanding of SEO: You should have a strong grasp of SEO principles and a clear vision on how to apply them to my brand. - Google...

I'm looking to significantly enhance the user experience of my current website, across various aspects. - **Navigation**: The website's navigation is currently a bit clunky, so I'm looking for a designer who can streamline this, making it m...attract and retain users. Ideal skills and experience for this project would include: - **Web Design**: Proficiency in creating intuitive, aesthetically pleasing designs that incorporate branding elements. - **Web Development**: Experience in implementing social media integrations and improving website navigation. - **SEO Expertise**: Proven track record in optimizing websites to improve search engine rankings. - **Excellent Communication**: Ability to understand my vision for the website and translate it effectively into the ...

As the person behind this project, I'm currently looking for skilled SEO experts willing to provide their expertise to lift the search engine rankings of my website, boost organic traffic, and enhance online visibility. The existing state of the SEO on my site is lacking, and I'm looking for assistance in getting my website noticed across three key search engines: Google, Bing, and Yahoo. As such, we are not meeting our set traffic and visibility goals and need comprehensive support in SEO. I'm particularly keen on achieving the following: • Improved Search Engine Rankings: I need assistance from someone with a proven track record of elevating websites in keyword rankings. • Enhanced Organic Traffic: The goal is to significantly improve th...

I'm facing issues in my Google Merchant Centre account, mainly related to product disapprovals and feed errors. I need a professional to resolve these issues promptly and efficiently. Key Tasks: - Diagnose the root cause of the product disapprovals and feed errors. - Rectify the disapprovals due to missing or incorrect product information. These include: - Same GTIN but differing value (item group id) - Same GTIN but differing value (Brand) - Duplicate Value (GTIN) - Too generic landing page Ideal Freelancer: - Experienced with Google Merchant Centre and proficient in fixing product disapprovals and feed errors. - Able to efficiently troubleshoot and resolve issues to ensure my products are back online promptly. - Adept at updating and correcting produc...

I'm looking to expand my shopping business by generating quality leads. This project will specifically focus on Search Engine Optimization (SEO) to draw in potential customers. Key Project Details: - Industry: Shopping - Goal: Lead generation - Strategy: SEO Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven track record of successful SEO campaigns - Familiarity with e-commerce and shopping industry - Understanding of lead generation techniques - Strong analytical skills to evaluate campaign performance - Excellent communication to report on progress and suggest improvements

My goal is to collaboratively work with a knowledgeable SEO specialist to primarily boost my website's search engine rankings, increase organic traffic, and maximize online visibility. The website mainly reaches out to both local and national customers, and its fundamental aim is to generate leads, so a significant focus on optimization for conversion will be crucial. Necessary Skills and Experience: • Proficiency in SEO: Knowledge of updated SEO best practices is imperative and must have proven records of success. • Excellent understanding of lead generation: Previous experience in optimizing websites for lead generation will be highly advantageous. • Strong audience understanding: The ability to tailor SEO strategies to appeal to both local and national marke...

I need a professional who can deliver on the setup and configuration of my Google, Meta, and Bing ad accounts. It's crucial for my business to have this done effectively and efficiently. - Tasks: Specifically, the tasks at hand include account setup and configuration, with a focus on my own strategic inputs being paired up with your expertise. - Strategies: I do have certain strategies I'd like implemented, but I also appreciate the insightful input of an industry expert. We can collaborate to strike a balance between my desired approach and your strategic recommendations. - KPIs: The primary KPI I'm interested in is the number of account opens. This core metric will be key in monitoring the success of our ad campaigns. Candidates will be paid on the number of accou...

In a bid to enhance educational choices, I need a Minimum Viable Product (MVP) for a school search platform. Business Overview: This is a groundbreaking educational platform designed specifically for the UAE market. Our mission is to revolutionize the way families discover and choose schools for their children. We empower parents with a unique dual approach: • Robust Search Engine: Utilize extensive filtering options to narrow down your search based on location, curriculum, fees, ratings, facilities, and more. • AI-powered School Compatibility Test: This innovative tool analyzes your responses to carefully designed questions and matches you with schools that best suit your child's needs and your preferences. This comprehensive approach caters to diverse user style...

To be made an image processing application or a native application for Oculus. More details will be provided to those interested.

As the owner of a coupon codes website, I am in desperate need of improved search engine rankings. Our current SEO state is quite poor and needs significant enhancement to better cater to our audience who are avid discount seekers. - Our website is unknown for its ranking and thus our main goal is to enhance visibility in search engine results. This will in turn increase traffic, conversions and ultimately, revenue. - Unfortunately, the primary audience for our website was not specified. Despite this, we trust that you as the SEO expert will leverage suitable strategies to pull in diverse audiences, until a main demographic is determined. - Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven SEO experience - Understanding of performance marketing, conversion and online custom...

I'm in need of an experienced website developer to build a blog website that will require daily conten...- Blog Website: The primary function of this project is to create a blog that accommodates daily content updates. - Search Functionality: A search feature should be integrated to make content navigation more effective. Ideal Skills/Experience: - Proficient in Website Development: The ideal candidate should have extensive experience in developing websites. - SEO Knowledge: Knowledge of Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is a plus as it could help the blog gain more visibility. - User Experience: Prioritize user-friendly design and intuitive navigation. Your expertise should align with the requirements stated above. Please provide any relevant samples of past blog websites yo...

...meetings in Melbourne Australia are part of this contract requirement. I seek an experienced marketing specialist with proficiency in Google Ads, Meta and SEO protocols to join our Melbourne based team. The primary task is to manage our clients directly and significantly boost their leads and conversions. - Industry: Part of your role involves adapting marketing strategies to fit various client businesses in the many sectors. Being flexible to adapt nuances and how each client's target audience differs, is critical. - Goals: The main objective is to generate vigorous leads and conversions for our clients. To achieve this, you'll need to implement effective Google Ads and SEO strategies, ensuring all operations align with the clients' unique business goa...

...creation app. The app should be compatible across multiple platforms including iOS, Android and Web-based interfaces. Features and Functionalities I Require: - Drag and drop interface: This intuitive feature should allow users to conveniently create and re-organize workflows. - Workflow templates: I require pre-designed templates that users can customize for their specific needs. - Collaboration tools: The app should enable real-time collaboration, allowing users to co-create and modify workflows with team members. Reporting tool At this point in time, integration with other systems or platforms is not required, however the ideal developer should be able to include this functionality at a later stage if it becomes necessary. Skills and Experience: - Proficie...

Require a freelancer to modify a web application

I am in the process of launching a job portal where employers can post jobs, and job...job portal where employers can post jobs, and job seekers can search for and apply to these opportunities. However, one critical aspect remains unfinished - Google AdSense approval. My website is less than 6 months old and I need an expert to guide me through the AdSense approval process for my site. The ideal candidate for this job will have: - Experience in obtaining Google AdSense approval for similar sites. - In-depth knowledge of Google AdSense policies and guidelines. - Proven track record in resolving any issues that may hinder approval. If this sounds like you, and you have the skills and experience to make my website Google AdSense-ready as soon as possible, then...

...need of a digital marketing expert with a focus on social media management and SEO to help boost my online presence and drive more leads and sales. Key Responsibilities: - Handle social media management across Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. This includes creating engaging content, managing interactions, and growing followers. - Implement SEO strategies aimed at improving my website's search engine rankings and ultimately driving more leads and sales. Ideal Candidate Should: - Have a proven track record of successful social media management across the major platforms, with specific experience in Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. - Possess strong SEO skills, with a focus on generating leads and sales. - Be able to provide clear reports and recommendations on the progress ...

I'm in need of an SEO expert who can optimize my e-commerce website to increase organic traffic and boost conversion rates. Key Responsibilities: - Conduct a comprehensive audit of my website's current SEO status. - Develop and implement a tailored SEO strategy to enhance search engine visibility, focusing primarily on Google. - Perform keyword research and optimize on-page content to improve keyword ranking. - Monitor and analyze website traffic and relevant metrics, providing regular reports to track progress and identify opportunities for improvement. Ideal Candidate: - Proven experience in e-commerce SEO, with a strong portfolio of successful projects. - Proficiency in SEO tools and analytics platforms. - Excellent understanding of Google's search algorit...

I'm currently looking to engage experienced quantity surveyors with a solid background in MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing) work. The main task involves preparing bills of quantities for my project (Tow floor administration bulding and three workshops). Key tasks: - Quantity survey for MEP work - Preparing bills of quantities Ideal candidates should demonstrate: - Previous work experience in MEP projects - Proficient knowledge in quantity surveying - Detailed project proposal capability. This project gives you an opportunity to apply your expertise in mechanical, electrical, and plumbing work. I look forward to reviewing candidates with a relevant background and experience.

I'm seeking an experienced UI/UX designer to develop a comprehensive, engaging web application specifically tailored to strengthen lawyer-client interactions. The ideal freelancer for this project has a solid understanding of user engagement principles, an innovative approach to web design, and an appreciation for effective UI/UX. Key Project Components: - Landing Page - Signup/Login Interface - User Dashboard - Features Page - Blog Page - Hire Page - FAQ Page - Contact Page The web application is aimed at lawyers and individuals seeking legal assistance. The design should be professional, intuitive, and user-friendly, appealing to both tech-savvy lawyers and those more comfortable with traditional methods of operation.

Hello we are looking for google ads expert, who can optimize the google keywords and analyse the competition for google ads. Our main focus is raising the conversion rate to the maximum.

I'm in need of a freelancer who can take a look at our HR survey data. The objective is to analyze the data by performing the following tests: Kolmogorov-smirnov test (for one sample and for two unrelated samples) Kruskal Wallis - H Test ANOVA T Test for two unrelated means General Liner Model Ordinal Logistics Regression Spearman Correlation Pearson Correlation

...me improve my website's search engine rankings, particularly on Google. The focus of this assignment is Technical SEO. In order to carry out this task effectively, the chosen freelancer will need to have: - A strong background in SEO consultancy, especially in improving website rankings on Google. - Solid experience and understanding of Technical SEO and possible analytics tools. - Proven track record of increasing website visibility and ranking through technical SEO. Your responsibilities will include: - Performing a thorough technical SEO audit of my website. - Identifying and rectifying any technical barriers that may be hindering the site's search engine ranking. - Implementing effective strategies that improve site visibility...

I'm looking for a skilled Unreal Engine 4.26 Environment Artist to design both Urban and Rural British landscapes. The goal is to have a real-world feel to the environments, focusing specifically on British landscapes. Key Requirements: - Proficiency in Unreal Engine 4.26 - Experience in designing both urban and rural environments - Ability to create realistic 3D landscapes - Understanding of British landscape aesthetics Your responsibilities will include: - Designing a detailed urban British environment - Creating a realistic rural British landscape - Ensuring the environments are optimized for performance You should have a keen eye for detail and be able to bring a high level of realism to your work. Experience in similar projects and a strong portfolio showcasing ...

I'm in need of an experienced Unreal Engine animator to create highly detailed and realistic character animations. The primary use of these animations will be for video games, so an understanding of game development and how animations integrate with gameplay is key. Key Requirements: - Proficiency in Unreal Engine is a must. Previous experience with character animation for video games is highly preferred. - Ability to create top-tier, realistic character animations. We aim for a high level of detail in these models. - A good understanding of game development and how animations fit into the gaming experience. - Familiarity with creating animations that are optimized for in-game performance. If you have a strong portfolio and believe you can deliver high-quality, realis...

I'm looking for a specialist to improve my medium visibility on Google business and help me generate more than 50 customer reviews. A successful outcome for this project will be a noticeable increase in customer reviews and better search ranking. Skilled professionals will need: - Proven experience in improving Google business search ranking. - Expertise in customer engagement to drive Google reviews. Core tasks include: - Developing strategies to enhance search engine optimization. - Implementing strategies to gather more than 50 customer reviews. Candidates who've heightened Google visibility and customer reviews for previous clients will be viewed favorably. If you're up for the challenge, I'd be happy to discuss my project wi...

I am searching for a creative individual to come up with a brand name for "wealth management mobile Application". Details of service Provided through application: A Mobile application to manage wealth of yours and your family. Its an application where you can record, save and manage all your asset classes into single application - Protection, goal planning, retirement, investment growth, etc. The emphasis for name is on ‘trust', 'professionalism’ , 'Investment', 'Safety', 'Growth', 'Money', 'Protection', 'Long lasting growth' bringing to mind an image of dependability and expertise in wealth management Domain name availability: ".com" Domain should be ...

Summary: Giggles Platonic Dating Services is a startup that's launching a Modern dating application. Currently, I'm outsourcing the development project, looking for a talented individual, full stack dev, that can work on both IOS and Android Development -frontend and backend.

I am in need of an expert who can assist me in the process of connecting and combining various Google tags across different platforms. My current set up includes Google Tag Manager, my Ad account, Wix, and other analytics tools. The specific tags I want to connect and optimize are Conversion Tracking, Remarketing, Google Analytics, and other tags that may be necessary for improved ad performance. As a freelancer, you should be well-versed in Google Tag Manager and have a solid understanding of the various Google tags we'll be working with. Your primary goal will be to help me optimize these tags with the intent of improving the overall performance of my ads. Your work will be crucial in tracking user behavior, analyzing conversion rates, and ulti...

I'm looking to increase organic traffic to my simple static website hosted on Google sites. Address is It is a small skin and laser clinic business which relies on local audience. - Goals: * Improve search engine rankings for increased visibility. - Geographical Focus: * Emphasis is on enhancing local area SEO. - Keywords: * Looking for an expert who can effectively incorporate location-based and industry-specific keywords into my website's content and meta tags. Skills needed for this job should include expertise in SEO, Google Sites, keywords research and optimization, and SEO Writing. Experience with local SEO would be a bonus. I need a specialist who can tackle this task with finesse and professionalism, ultimately driving more organic tr...

I am searching for a proficient TypeScript developer to help build a web application. The timeline is urgent, I need this project completed as soon as possible. While I haven't determined all functionalities, a successful candidate must have: - Experience building TypeScript applications - An understanding of potential features such as user authentication, data visualization, and e-commerce - The ability to meet tight deadlines Please bid detailing your past experience and timeframe. I look forward to working together.

I am looking for a digital marketing specialist who can manage social media and optimize my site for search engines. Responsibilities: - Manage and grow our social media profiles. - Increase organic website traffic through SEO. - Improve search engine rankings. - Generate more leads and sales through these efforts. The ideal candidate should have proven experience in both social media management and SEO, especially with a track record of driving meaningful results for businesses. Please include in your bid: - Your relevant experience - Examples of your previous work - Your strategy to achieve the above goals - Your bid for this project

...on-page optimization, keyword research, and Google Business Profil optimization. The primary goal of this project is to improve my website's search engine rankings, particularly for local customers. Key Responsibilities: - Conducting in-depth keyword research to identify relevant terms for the business - Implementing on-page optimization strategies to improve the website's visibility - Optimizing the Google Business Profile to attract more local customers - Developing a strategy to improve search engine rankings Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in on-page optimization - Strong knowledge of keyword research tools and techniques - Experience with local SEO and optimizing Google Business Profiles - Track record of improving se...

My project involves the development and management of Google Ads strategies aimed at generating leads for my business. Key activities include creating ads that compel users to fill out a contact form or schedule a consultation. Ideal skills and experience: - Proven success managing Google Ads campaigns - Superior understanding of lead generation tactics - Proficient in crafting compelling call-to-actions - Familiarity with ad targeting and personalization techniques Given that the target audience wasn't specified, flexibility in adjusting campaigns based on analytics and trend observations would be highly regarded. Your expertise will play a significant part in the success of my business, so do your magic!

I'm in need of a skilled marketing expert who can help me create and implement a comprehensive marketing strategy. Key Requirements: - Social Media Management: I require assistance with managing my social media accounts to increase engagement, attract professionals aged 25-40, and ultimately drive sales. - Search Engine Optimization (SEO): I need you to optimize my website to improve its ranking on search engines and increase its visibility among my target audience. - Content Marketing: Looking for someone who can assist in creating engaging blog content to attract more professionals. Ideal Skills: - Proven experience in social media management, SEO, and content marketing - Understanding of the professional audience aged 25-40 - Ability to create and implement a comprehensiv...

One month Google ads work for a website

...various aspects of my ongoing campaigns. Key Responsibilities: - Tracking and analyzing website traffic, conversion rates, and cost per acquisition from my current advertising channels: Social media (Facebook, Instagram), Search engine advertising (Google Ads), and Email marketing. - Providing insights on how these metrics can be optimized to specifically increase brand awareness and leads generation. Ideal Candidate: - Proven experience in digital marketing analytics, preferably with a focus on the specified channels. - Proficiency in using tools like Google Analytics, Facebook Insights, and AdWords for data tracking. - Strong understanding of how to interpret data and make strategic recommendations for improvement. - A keen eye for detail and a goal-oriented ap...

I'm looking for a specialist to create a synchronization from my Shopify store to a Google Sheet happening in real-time. The projected data includes: - Product Prices - Inventory Levels - Customer Basic Information - Order Numbers and Line Items - Abandoned Cart Data The ideal freelancer for this job is someone experienced with Shopify API and Google Sheets and able to flawlessly and automatically sync provided data fields. Understanding of e-commerce and Shopify platform is a plus. Please, make sure to include examples of similar work in your proposal.

...developer who can integrate Google Map API , I want to display the locations on the google map. We can push the location name through APIs and those locations should be populated on the Google map Requirements: - Display Locations: The developer should help in displaying locations on the map using an external API. - Generating Directions: The app should also be able to provide accurate directions to users based on the selected locations. - Custom Marker Designs: I'm looking to have a unique set of markers on the map. The developer should help in implementing this feature. Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in Google Map API: The ideal candidate should have a strong understanding of the Google Map API and its various functionalities. - Exp...

NOTE - PAYMENT WILL BE RELEASED ONLY AFTER VERIFICATION IS PASSED - Complete with business operations verification Having these issues addressed and resolved is the main objective of this project. The ideal candidate for this task will come with experience in Google Ads troubleshooting and verification tasks. In-depth understanding of Google Ads policies and experience with business operations verification within Google Ads will be a significant advantage.

My aim is to effectively run a Google Ads campaign to successfully generate services bookings. This campaign is targeted towards individuals of a specific age range. With this project, I want to: - Elevate my online presence and enhance my sales - Tactically place my ads to optimally reach target audience Ideal freelancer would need: - Experience with Google Ads - Knowledge in strategic targeting - Proven record in boosting services through Google Ads campaigns - Ability to conduct effective age-based targeting This project requires an individual who clearly understands the essence and dynamics of Google Ads. Your work will directly influence the lead generations and contribute to sales. Your strategic input will significantly affect our campaign'...

...improve our search engine rankings, particularly by enhancing on-page SEO, content optimization, and backlinks. - Target Audience: Our website caters mainly to local customers, hence the SEO strategy should be tailored to enhance visibility and engagement within this demographic. Your role will encompass: 1. Detailed Evaluation: Conducting an in-depth analysis of our website's current SEO performance, including aspects such as keyword relevance, meta tags, site structure, and more. 2. Report Generation: Compiling and presenting a comprehensive report based on the evaluation, outlining the strengths, weaknesses, and potential areas for improvement. 3. Enhancement Plan: Developing a detailed, actionable plan for SEO enhancement. This plan should focus on boosting search en...

As an online venture, I'm looking to exponentially improve my website's search engine rankings. With this in mind, I'm seeking an experienced online marketer with strong SEO skills and a knack for driving traffic. To succeed in this project, you'll need expertise in the following areas: * SEO Optimization * Content Marketing * Social media campaigns * Google AdWords Your task will be to design and implement a comprehensive marketing plan that combines these strategies to achieve the main goal of improving search engine rankings and subsequently, increasing website traffic. Given the competitive nature of the online market, time is of the essence. I am therefore looking for someone who can hit the ground running and deliver results as soon as po...

I'm looking for an experienced Google Adsense expert to help me troubleshoot an issue where the ads on my WordPress website have stopped displaying. Key points: - The problem began less than a week ago and no changes have been made to the website during that period, ruling out a recent configuration issue. - The platform in use is WordPress, so familiarity with this CMS is essential for an effective solution. Skills and experience needed: - Proven expertise in Google Adsense and troubleshooting - Strong background in WordPress development - Experience in identifying and resolving ad-serving issues - Excellent communication skills and ability to provide clear guidance on potential solutions

I'm looking for a talented SEO expert to optimize my pet hospital website. The main goals are to increase website traffic, improve search engine rankings, and significantly boost our online visibility. - Target Audience: Our website aims to reach both pet owners and animal lovers. It's crucial that your strategy caters to these demographics, ensuring they can find us easily when looking for pet healthcare information. - Specific Services: Our pet hospital offers vaccinations, surgery, and dental care services for pets. Incorporating these services strategically into the SEO plan is necessary for success. The ideal candidate for this project will have proven experience in SEO, with a bonus if they have a background promoting veterinary or medical services. Understanding...

I'm in need of an articulate writer to craft engaging and informative content for my website. Key Requirements: - I need someone with a deep understanding of how to produce content that is tailored to inform the general public. The language should be clear, easy to understand and engaging.- A good knowledge of SEO writing would be a plus, as this can help us improve our search engine ranking. - Experience in writing for websites is essential. - you can use AI software. please tell me which soft ware you are going to use, - there will be approx 800 pages that you will need to create - there will need to be hyperlinks added to the pages (so you must know how to do this. Please provide samples of your previous work, particularly if you've written content for websites. ...

...professional who can assist me with generating sales on Flipkart, India's leading eCommerce platform. My target audience consists of people aged 18-34. The products are mainly gadgets and accessories, including mouse pads, key chains, mugs, and mobile skins. Key Responsibilities: - Creating and implementing effective social media advertising campaigns to attract potential customers. - Utilizing Search Engine Optimization (SEO) techniques to increase the visibility of my products on Flipkart. - Designing and executing email marketing campaigns that engage my target audience and drive conversions. Ideal Freelancer: - Experienced in eCommerce marketing, with a proven track record of driving sales on Flipkart. - Proficient in social media advertising, SEO, and email marketing....

I am in need of a designer who can create a 3D printable file for a full tower PC case that is modeled after a car engine for a unique aesthetic. Key aspects of the job include: - Crafting a high-detail design that incorporates elements of a car engine into the layout of a full tower case. - Striking a balance between form and function. While the case should be visually eye-catching, it needs to be practical for everyday use. Applicants should have: - Proficiency with 3D modeling software. - Prior experience designing PC components (a bonus if they are 3D printed). - Strong creative instincts to bring the car engine concept to life. - A basic understanding of PC assembly to ensure the final product is usable. This project requires a blend of technical knowledge an...